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Operator Overloading

We'd like the + operator to perform vector addition of two Point objects, the * operator to multiply a Point by a scalar, and the unary . operator to do the equivalent of multiplying by .1.

Array and Hash Access with [ ]

Ruby uses square brackets for array and hash access, and allows any class to define a [] method andrray and Hash Access with [ ]

Ruby uses square brackets for array and hash access, and allows any class to define a rray and Hash Access with [ ]

Ruby uses square brackets for array and hash access, and allows any class to define a [] method andrray and Hash Access with [ ]

Ruby uses square brackets for array and hash access, and allows any class to define a [] method and use these brackets itself

Defining Constants


Many classes can benefit from the definition of some associated constants

Inside the class definition, these constants can be referred to by their unqualified names.

Outside the definition, they must be prefixed by the name of the class, of course

Class variables are visible to, and shared by, the class methods and the instance methods of a class, and also by the class definition itself.

Class variables have names that begin with @@.

Public, Protected, Private Methods


Instance methods may be public, private, or protected.